Myopia: causes, prevention and treatments

Myopia is a vision problem characterized by difficulty seeing distant objects clearly. People with myopia often have blurry or unfocused vision when trying to focus on objects that are at a certain distance.

How to prevent myopia?

• Although myopia cannot be completely prevented, some measures can reduce risk or slow progression.

• Maintain good visual hygiene: rest your eyes regularly during prolonged visual tasks (reading, screens).

• Do eye exercises: perform specific eye movements and focusing exercises to strengthen eye muscles.

• Keep appropriate reading distance: maintain a proper distance between your eyes and reading material or electronic devices.

• Eat a balanced diet: consume nutrients that support eye health such as vitamins A, C, E and omega‑3 fatty acids.

How is myopia treated?

There are different treatment options for myopia, depending on the severity and individual needs of each person:

Use of corrective lenses: glasses or contact lenses are a common option to correct myopia. These help focus light correctly on the retina, improving vision.

Refractive surgery: there are different surgical techniques, such as LASIK or PRK, that can permanently correct myopia. These surgeries reshape the cornea to improve vision.

Intraocular lenses: in more severe cases of myopia, it may be necessary to implant intraocular lenses to correct vision. These lenses are placed inside the eye and help focus light correctly on the retina.

It is important to consult an eye care specialist to determine the best treatment for each case of myopia. The doctor will assess the severity of the myopia and the individual needs of each patient before recommending the most appropriate option.